Plant growth and nutrients uptake in dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis and H. monocanthus ) in Costa Rica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15517/am.2024.57493Keywords:
nutrient management, plant nutrition, deterministic models, biomass productionAbstract
Introduction. The cultivation of pitahaya (Hylocereus costaricensis and H. monocanthus) is increasing in Costa Rica, but there is a knowledge gap in terms of technical information. This primarily includes nutrient requirements, the timing of fertilization, and the patterns of growth. Objective. To quantify and model the growth and nutrient uptake of pitahaya (H. costaricensis and H. monocanthus) under the conditions of the seasonally dry tropics of Costa Rica. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted during the period from 2017 to 2020 in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Plants were sampled at 76, 165, 308, 450, 607, 903, 1249, and 1706 days after planting (DDS) and 205 fruits. Dry matter was quantified, and the absorption of N, P, Ca, Mg, K, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B was calculated. Two logistic models were fitted to determine nutrient absorption, and linear regressions were calibrated for fresh fruit. Results. The nutritional requirements of the crop were (kg ha-1): 137 N, 32 P, 327 K, 63 Mg, 32 S, 1,60 Zn, and 0,21 B per 3000 plants/ha. The best-fitting logistic model (RMSE = 0,09) accurately estimated the absorption of N, P, Ca, S, Zn, and B. The linear regression model had high predictive capacity (R2 > 0,85) for the requirements of N, P, K, Mg, S in fruit.. Conclusion. The logistic models demonstrated high precision in deterministically modeling nutrient absorption in dragon fruit plants. Additionally, the nutritional behavior of dragon fruit plants in the seasonal dry tropics of Costa Rica was efficiently quantified and modeled, providing essential information for the crop fertilization programs.
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