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Introducción: Se han asignado doce funciones a los duetos vocales de las aves (por ejemplo, mantener el contacto, proteger a la pareja, o defensa de recursos). Para separar las funciones de los duetos es necesario tener en cuenta quién es el receptor, la información codificada por el emisor y si existe algún conflicto entre los miembros de la pareja. Los duetos utilizados para la defensa de recursos (ej.: territorio) son una señal más agresiva que los cantos en solitario porque actúan como una señal de defensa conjunta que codifica la fuerza de una pareja o el tiempo que pasan juntos en la coordinación del canto de ambos individuos. Por lo tanto, las parejas pueden utilizar características de los duetos para responder de acuerdo con la información de una pareja rival.
Objetivo: Nuestro principal objetivo en este estudio fue probar cómo la coordinación en tiempo y frecuencia de los duetos de las parejas de Melozone leucotis influencian la respuesta territorial de parejas conespecíficas.
Métodos: Registramos de 2 a 5 duetos de 31 parejas territoriales y medimos la coordinación del dueto utilizando un método descrito anteriormente que dividió cada dueto de M. leucotis en tres secciones según la contribución de cada individuo. En cada sección medimos el rango de frecuencia, la duración y la diferencia en el rango de frecuencia y la duración entre la sección introductoria y media, y la sección media y terminal de cada dueto. Luego utilizamos experimentos de playback para probar la respuesta de la pareja a la coordinación del dueto. Cada pareja estuvo expuesta a dos tipos de dueto: duetos altamente coordinados y mal coordinados.
Resultados: Expusimos a 31 parejas a estos dos tratamientos durante las reproducciones a dueto y medimos su respuesta territorial de acuerdo con la coordinación del dueto de los intrusos simulados. Descubrimos que las parejas que producían duetos altamente coordinados se acercaban más rápido y pasaban más tiempo cerca de todos los estímulos. En comparación, las parejas pasaron más tiempo más cerca del estímulo del dueto mal coordinado. El número total de vocalizaciones producidas en respuesta a estímulos de dueto fueron similares entre estímulos e independientes de la coordinación de dueto de las parejas territoriales.
Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio indica que la coordinación del dueto en parejas territoriales de M. leucotis es un buen predictor de la defensa territorial y sugiere que las parejas utilizan la coordinación del dueto para percibir el nivel de amenaza de un intruso.
Citas
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