Palabras clave
drought stress
leaf anatomy
sugarcane
phenotypic correlation
adaptación
estrés por sequía
anatomía de la hoja
caña de azúcar
correlación fenotípica
Cómo citar
Resumen
Efecto del estrés sobre la anatomía foliar de cultivares de caña de azúcar con diferente tolerancia a la sequía (Saccharum officinarum, Poaceae). Introducción: La sequía es un factor de estrés importante para la producción de caña de azúcar en muchas áreas del mundo. La proporción de agua y los índices de humedad son información aplicable en la planificación agronómica para pronosticar el exceso o el déficit de agua durante el ciclo del cultivo. Objetivo: Se compararon las características anatómicas de las hojas de dos cañas de azúcar diferentes Saccharum 'UT12' (cultivar susceptible a la sequía) y Saccharum 'UT13' (cultivar tolerante a la sequía) bajo una situación de estrés por sequía temprana entre 30 y 90 días después de la siembra. Métodos: Se investigaron las características anatómicas de cuarenta hojas utilizando la técnica de seccionamiento de pelado y manos libres. Resultados: Algunas características anatómicas mostraron respuesta a estrés por sequía. Saccharum "UT12" demostró una mayor sensibilidad hacia las características anatómicas que Saccharum 'UT13'. Un total de 23 y 15 de las 40 características anatómicas mostraron significancia en Saccharum 'UT12' y Saccharum 'UT13', respectivamente. Algunas características anatómicas como la pared celular y el grosor de la cutícula, el tamaño del haz vascular, el tamaño y la densidad de los estomas se pueden utilizar como marcadores importantes para evaluar el estrés por sequía en la hoja de caña de azúcar. Conclusiones: Este es el primer reporte que describe la anatomía comparada de la hoja de la caña de azúcar Saccharum 'UT12' y Saccharum 'UT13' en Tailandia bajo estrés por sequía. Los resultados proporcionarán información importante para mejorar los mecanismos de adaptación de cultivares tolerantes de caña de azúcar bajo situaciones iniciales de estrés por sequía.
Citas
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