Keywords
Serious games
Video games
Training in technological skills
higher education
Diseño arquitectónico
Juegos serios
Vídeo juego
Formación de competencias tecnológicas
educación superior
How to Cite
Abstract
This article brings together the results obtained through a systematic review of literature, in which both sources and a novel methodology are used to analyze and compare software architectures proposed for the development of video games, in particular, serious games oriented to the formation of technological competencies. A complex and exhaustive analysis of 13 architectural proposals was carried out in light of a systematic review protocol, which integrates categories and criteria that allow them to be analyzed according to the study's objective. Four categories were defined: a- General aspects, b- Architectural aspects, c- Pedagogical aspects, and d- Analysis aspects. The results showed that the architectural proposals had been mostly designed for their use at the higher education/university level. The results also made evident that the architectural proposals were executed as web applications in which their reuse of components is considered significant. They were mainly used to develop video games at a general level. It is concluded that an architectural proposal for the development of serious games as such is not identified. However, based on the results obtained, a checklist has been prepared with the primary considerations that software developers could consider when implementing an architectural design for a serious game. This checklist holds a pedagogical intention to form technological skills which will be relevant and transcendent at a national and international level for video game developers by providing a research baseline.
References
Abt, C. C. (1970). Serious Games. Viking Press.
Apezteguía, M., Rapetti, D. E., Gordillo, S. E., & Challiol, C. (2014). Juego Educativo Móvil Colaborativo [Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)]. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/47078
Archuby, F. H., Sanz, C. V., & Pesado, P. M. (2017). Juego serio como actividad de autoevaluación de los alumnos y su integración con un entorno virtual de enseñanza y aprendizaje [Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)]. In XXIII Congreso Argentino de Ciencias de la Computación. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/59652
Archuby, F. H., Sanz, C. V., & Pesado, P. M. (2018). Desafiate: juego serio para la autoevaluación. XIII Congreso de Tecnología En Educación y Educación En Tecnología, 200, 209–212. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/69074
Aybar, V. del C., Queiruga, C., & Banchoff, C. (2012). Aplicaciones complementarias a ROBOCODE que faciliten el aprendizaje de programación en escuelas secundarias (Issue Plan 90). http://hdl.handle.net/10915/47050
Bione, J., Miceli, P., Sanz, C. V., & Artola, V. (2017a). AstroCódigo. Un juego serio para la introducción de jóvenes en los conceptos básicos de la programación. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/61204
Bione, J., Miceli, P., Sanz, C. V., & Artola, V. (2017b). Enseñanza de la programación con astrocódigo. XII Congreso de Tecnología En Educación y Educación En Tecnología (TE&ET), 454–455. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/63453
Boyle, E. A., Connolly, T. M., & Hainey, T. (2011). The role of psychology in understanding the impact of computer games. Entertainment Computing, 2(2), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2010.12.002
Cabarkapa, D. (2015). Application of Cisco Packet Tracer 6.2 in teaching of advanced computer networks. DataCite. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4881.6802
Calderón, A., & Ruiz, M. (2015). A systematic literature review on serious games evaluation: An application to software project management. Computers & Education, 87(September), 396–422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.07.011
Cano, S. P. (2016). Propuesta Metodológica para el Diseño de Juegos Serios para Niños con Implante Coclear [(Tesis doctoral). Universidad del Cauca]. http://www.unicauca.edu.co/doctoradoce/publicaciones/Monografia_Cano.pdf
Cano, S. P., Muñoz, J., Collazos, C. A., González, C. S., & Zapata, S. (2016). Toward a methodology for serious games design for children with auditory impairments. IEEE Latin America Transactions, 14(5), 2511–2521. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.2016.7530453
Carvalho, M. B., Bellotti, F., Hu, J., Hauge, J. B., Berta, R., De Gloria, A., & Rauterberg, M. (2015). Towards a service-oriented architecture framework for educational serious games. IEEE 15th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, 147–151. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICALT.2015.145
Clear, T., Beecham, S., Daniels, M., Oudshoorn, M., Barr, J., & Noll, J. (2016). Developments in Global Software Engineering Education. IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2016.7757471
Costa, T. K. L., Machado, L. S., Valenca, A. M. G., & Moraes, R. M. (2016). Architecture to portals of serious games and virtual environments with performance evaluation during sequences of activities. IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/SeGAH.2016.7586225
DEBORAH Game. (2017). DEBORAH - Double Entry bookkeeping or accounting history. DEBORAH Game. http://deborahahg.wixsite.com/deborah/about
El Mawas, N. (2014). An architecture for co-designing participatory and knowledge-intensive serious games: ARGILE. International Conference on Collaboration Technologies and Systems (CTS), 387–394. https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2014.6867593
Flores, C. E., López, M. Q., Orozco, H. R., & Pérez, I. R. (2019). Arquitectura de un juego serio inteligente basado en retos de matemáticas básicas. ReCIBE. Revista Electrónica de Computación, Informática, Biomédica y Electrónica, 8(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.32870/recibe.v8i2.135
Frezzo, D. C., Behrens, J. T., Mislevy, R. J., West, P., & DiCerbo, K. E. (2009). Psychometric and Evidentiary Approaches to Simulation Assessment in Packet Tracer Software. Fifth International Conference on Networking and Services (ICNS), 555–560. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNS.2009.89
Gutiérrez-Hernández, R. E., Álvarez, F. J., & Muñoz-Arteaga, J. (2013). Arquitectura de Software para Juegos Serios con Aspectos Culturales: Caso de Estudio en un Videojuego para Formulas Temperatura. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236162869_Arquitectura_de_Software_para_Juegos_Serios_con_Aspectos_Culturales_Caso_de_Estudio_en_un_Videojuego_para_Formulas_Temperatura
Ismail, H., & Belkhouche, B. (2019). A Reusable Software Architecture for Personalized Learning Systems. International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT), 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1109/INNOVATIONS.2018.8605997
Janitor, J., Jakab, F., & Kniewald, K. (2010). Visual Learning Tools for Teaching/Learning Computer Networks: Cisco Networking Academy and Packet Tracer. Sixth International Conference on Networking and Services, 351–355. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNS.2010.55
Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for performing systematic reviews. University of Keele (Software Engineering Group, Department of Computer Science), 33(July), 1–28. https://www.inf.ufsc.br/~aldo.vw/kitchenham.pdf
Kitchenham, B. (2007). Guidelines for performing Systematic Literature Reviews in Software Engineering. Version 2.3. University of Keele (Software Engineering Group, School of Computer Science and Mathematics) and Durham (Department of Computer Science), 57. https://doi.org/10.1145/1134285.1134500
Kitchenham, B., Brereton, O. P., Budgen, D., Turner, M., Bailey, J., & Linkman, S. (2009). Systematic literature reviews in software engineering - A systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology, 51(1), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.009
Kitchenham, B., Pretorius, R., Budgen, D., Brereton, O. P., Turner, M., Niazi, M., & Linkman, S. (2010). Systematic literature reviews in software engineering - A tertiary study. Information and Software Technology, 52(8), 792–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2010.03.006
Kwon, J., & Lee, Y. (2016). Serious games for the job training of persons with developmental disabilities. Computers & Education, 95(April), 328–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2016.02.001
Maggiorini, D., Ripamonti, L. A., Zanon, E., Bujari, A., & Palazzi, C. E. (2016). SMASH: A distributed game engine architecture. IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communication (ISCC), 196–201. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCC.2016.7543739
Malaquias, R. F., Malaquias, F. F., & Hwang, Y. (2018). Understanding Technology Acceptance Features in Learning through a Serious Game. Computers in Human Behavior, 87(October), 395–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.008
Martínez, L. J. (2016). Cómo buscar y usar información científica: Guía para estudiantes universitarios 2016. http://eprints.rclis.org/29934/7/Como_buscar_usar_informacion_2016.pdf
Mizutani, W. K., Daros, V. K., & Kon, F. (2021). Software architecture for digital game mechanics: A systematic literature review. Entertainment Computing, 38, 100421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2021.100421
Noll, J., Beecham, S., & Richardson, I. (2010). Global software development and collaboration: barriers and solutions. ACM Inroads, 1(3), 66–78. https://doi.org/10.1145/1835428.1835445
Noll, J., Butterfield, A., Farrell, K., Mason, T., McGuire, M., & McKinley, R. (2014). GSD Sim: A Global Software Development Game. IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineeering Workshops, 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSEW.2014.12
Ollsson, T., Toll, D., Wingkvist, A., & Ericsson, M. (2015). Evolution and Evaluation of the Model-View-Controller Architecture in Games. 4th International Workshop on Games and Software Engineering (GAS 2015), 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1109/GAS.2015.10
OmniumGames. (2014, October). Spirits of Spring: Una emocionante aventura contra el bullying. Game Journal. http://omniumgames.com/spirits-spring-una-emocionante-aventura-contra-el-bullying/
Petcu, D., Iancu, B., Peculea, A., Dadarlat, V., & Cebuc, E. (2013). Integrating Cisco Packet Tracer with Moodle platform: Support for teaching and automatic evaluation. RoEduNet International Conference 12th Edition: Networking in Education and Research, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/RoEduNet.2013.6714190
Petersen, K., Vakkalanka, S., & Kuzniarz, L. (2015). Guidelines for conducting systematic mapping studies in software engineering: An update. Information and Software Technology, 64, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2015.03.007
Qian, M., & Clark, K. R. (2016). Game-based Learning and 21st century skills: A review of recent research. Computers in Human Behavior, 63(October), 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.023
Queiruga, C., Fava, L., Gómez, S., Kimura, I. M., & Brown, M. (2012). El juego como estrategia didáctica para acercar la programación a la escuela secundaria. XVI Workshop de Investigadores En Ciencias de La Computación (WICC), 358–362. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/41365
Ralph, P., & Wand, Y. (2007). A Proposal for a Formal Definition of the Design Concept. In K. Lyytinen, P. Loucopoulos, J. Mylopoulos3, & B. Robinson (Eds.), Design Requirements Engineering: A Ten-Year Perspective (1st ed., pp. 103–136). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39962-9_55
Romero, M., & Turpo, O. (2012). Serious Games para el desarrollo de las competencias del siglo XXI. RED. Revista de Educación a Distancia, 34(1), 1–22. https://revistas.um.es/red/article/view/233511
Romero, M., Usart, M., & Ott, M. (2015). Can Serious Games Contribute to Developing and Sustaining 21st Century Skills? Games and Culture, 10(2), 148–177. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412014548919
Sánchez, É., & Emin-Martínez, V. (2014). Towards a Model of Play: An Empirical Study. European Conference on Games Based Learning, 2(October), 503–512. https://search.proquest.com/docview/1674245678?accountid=15870
Sánchez, É., Emin-Martínez, V., & Mandran, N. (2015). Jeu-game, jeu-play, vers une modélisation du jeu. Une étude empirique à partir des traces numériques d’interaction du jeu Tamagocours. Sciences et Technologies de L´Information et de La Communication Pour L´Éducation et La Formation, 22, 9–45. https://www.persee.fr/doc/stice_1764-7223_2015_num_22_1_1685
Sandí-Delgado, J. C., & Bazán, P. A. (2017). Cloud computing: posibilidades para la ejecución de juegos serios educativos as a service (JSEaaS) [(Tesis de especialización). Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)]. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/63388
Sandí-Delgado, J. C., & Bazán, P. A. (2019). Educational Serious Games as a Service: Challenges and Solutions. Journal of Computer Science & Technology, 19(01), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.24215/16666038.19.e07
Sandí-Delgado, J. C., & Bazán, P. A. (2021). Diseño de juegos serios: Análisis de metodologías. E-Ciencias de La Información, 11(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.15517/eci.v11i2.45505
Sandí-Delgado, J. C., & Cruz-Alvarado, M. A. (2018). Análisis comparativo de juegos móviles educativos basados en posicionamiento. Revista Intersedes, 19(39), 146–170. https://doi.org/10.15517/isucr.v19i39.34075
Sandí-Delgado, J. C., & Sanz, C. V. (2018). Análisis comparativo de juegos serios educativos. Indagación sobre sus posibilidades para la adquisición de competencias tecnológicas en la formación del profesorado [(Tesis de especialización). Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)]. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/65653
Sandí-Delgado, J. C., Sanz, C. V., & Lovos, E. N. (2018). Juegos serios para la indagación de competencias tecnológicas que puedan integrarse en la práctica pedagógica del profesorado. Una propuesta de aplicación en la Sede del Atlántico de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) [(Tesis de MAestría). Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Buenos Aires, Argentina]. https://doi.org/10.35537/10915/71063
Sandí-Delgado, J. C., Sanz, C. V., & Lovos, E. N. (2022). Acceptance of Serious Games to Develop Digital Competencies in Higher Education. The Electronic Journal of E-Learning (EJEL), 20(3), 351–367. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.3.2181
Sanz, C. V., Artola, V., Bione, J., & Miceli, P. (2018). AstroCode in the Wild. 10th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies, 7542–7548. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17542-3
Scacchi, W. (2017). Practices and Technologies in Computer Game Software Engineering. IEEE Software, 34(1), 110–116. https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2017.20
Söbke, H., & Streicher, A. (2016). Serious Games Architectures and Engines. In R. Dörner, S. Göbel, M. Kickmeier-Rust, M. Masuch, & K. Zweig (Eds.), Entertainment Computing and Serious Games. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Vol. 9970, pp. 1–26). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03503-6
Sommerville, I. (2016). Software Engineering (M. Borthakur (ed.); 10th ed.). Pearson Education.
Stavrev, S., Terzieva, T., & Golev, A. (2018). Concepts for Distributed Input Independent Architecture for Serious Games. CBU International Conference Proceedings, 6, 1166–1172. https://doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v6.1310
Waag-Society. (2019). Frequency 1550. Mobile Learning Academy. http://mobilelearningacademy.org/projects/frequency-1550/
Yessad, A., Labat, J.-M., & Kermorvant, F. (2010). SeGAE: A serious game authoring environment. 10th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2010), 538–540. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICALT.2010.153
Comments
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Unported License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Juan Carlos Sandí Delgado, Patricia Alejandra Bazán