Keywords
contenido de materia seca
rendimiento
storage root
dry matter content
root yield
How to Cite
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine the agronomic performance of 13 sweet potato genotypes for their cultivation in Costa Rica. Ten were introduced from North Carolina State University’s Micropropagation and Repository Unit, and were grown for the first time in Costa Rica. Two (Exportación and Zanahoria) were more recent introductions into the country, having been cultivated here for at least 5 years, and the one remaining (Criollo) is the most widely used locally. The field experiment was conducted at the Fabio Baudrit Experiment Station, of the University of Costa Rica, located in Alajuela province. The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design, with 13 genotypes and 4 repetitions. The analysis of variance showed significant differences (p=0.0001) among genotypes for all evaluated variables: fresh and dry foliar weight; storage root fresh and dry weight; number of storage roots, storage root weight/plant, dry matter content and yield (t.ha -1 ). The root yield of all genotypes evaluated was higher than that of the local variety Criollo (6 t.ha -1 ) as well as the national average (5 to 7.8 t.ha -1 ), ranging from 12 to 48 t.ha -1 . These results indicate that some varieties are promising for release in Costa Rica, not only because of their good performance in terms of yield, but also due to quality traits such as orange or yellow flesh, associated with high carotene content.References
ABIDIN P.F., van EEUWIJK F., STAM P., STRUIK C., MALOSETTI M., MWANGA M., ODONGO B., HERMANN M., CAREY E. 2005. Adaptation and stability analysis of sweet potato varieties for low- input systems in Uganda. Plant Breeding 124:491-497.
ADEBOLA P., SHEGRO A., LAURIE S., ZULU L., PILLAY M. 2013. Genotype x Envimroment interaction and yield stability estimate of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) breeding lines in South Africa. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 5(9):182-186.
ALAM I., SHARMIN A., NAHER K., ALAM J., ANISUZZAMAN M., ALAM F. 2013. Elimination and detection of viruses in meistem-derived plantlets of sweetpotato as a low-cost option toward commercialization. Biotech. 3:153-164.
ALVARADO L. 2012. Análisis de mercados del cultivo del camote. Boletín informativo No. 1. CNP. San José, Costa Rica. 18 p.
BENGTSSON A., NAMUTEBI A., ALMINGER M., SVANBERG U. 2008. Effects of various traditional processing methods on the all-trans-b-carotene content of orange-fleshed sweet potato. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 21:134-143.
CHATTOPADHYAY A., CHAKRABORTY I., MUKHOPADHYAY K., KUMAR R., SEN H. 2006. Compositional Changes of sweetpotato as Influenced by Cultivar, Harvest date and Cooking. Acta Hort. 703:211-218.
CLARK C., HOY W. 2006. Effects of common viruses on yield and quality of Beauregard sweetpotato in Louisiana. Plant Dis. 90:83–88.
COLLINS W., CAREY E., MOK G., THOMPSON P., ZHANG. 1999. Utilization of sweetpotato genetic resources to devlop insect resistance, pp. 193-205. In: S.L. Clement and S.S. Quisenberry. Global Genetic Resources for Insect-Resistant Crops.
COOLONG T., BESSIN R., WOODS T., FANNIN S. 2012. Sweet potato production for Kentucky. SARE. 16 p.
DI RIENZO J.A., CASANOVES F., BALZARINI M.G., GONZALEZ L., TABLADA M., ROBLEDO C.W. 2013. InfoStat versión 2013. Grupo InfoStat, FCA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Argentina.
EEDH (ESTACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL DONOSO HUARAL). 2010. Cuatro nuevas variedades de camote para el Perú. CIP-INIA. 4 p.
EHISIANYA C., LALE N., UMEOZOR O., AMADI C., ZAKKA U. 2011. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Variety, Tillage Method and Time of Harvest on sweetpotato yield and the population of sweetpotato weevil, Cylaspuncticollis (Boheman) (Coloeptera:Brentidae). International journal of Advanced Scientific and technical Research 1(2):165-183.
FONSECA C., MOLINA P., CAREY E. 1993. Selección de nuevas variedades de camote (Batata) con la participación de agricultores. Guía de Investigación CIP 5. Centro Internacional de la Papa. Lima, Perú. 28 p.
FUGLIE O. 2007. Priorities for sweet potato Research in Developing Countries: Results of a Survey. HortScience 45(5):1200-1206.
GAO F., GONG Y., ZHANG P. 2000. Production and deployment of virus-free sweetpotato in China. Crop Protection 19:105–111.
GONÇALVES NETO C., MALUF R., GOMES A., GONÇALVES S., SILVA F., LASMAR A. 2011. Aptoes de genotipos de batata-doce para consumo humano, producao de etanol e alimentacao animal. Pesq.Agropec.Bras. Brasilia 46(11):1513-1520.
GRUBE B. 2008. Sweetpotatoes in Northern New England. University of New Hampshire. 4 p.
GRÜNEBERG J., MANRIQUE K., ZHANG D., HERMANN M. 2005. Genotype X Environment Interactions for a Diverse Set of Sweetpotato Clones Evaluated across Varying Ecogeographic Conditions in Perú. Crop Science 45:2160-2171.
HALDAVANKA P., JOSHI G. BHAVE S., KANDEKAR R., SAWANT S. 2009. Stability of yield an yield attributing phenotypic characters in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). Journal or Root Crops 35(1):28-35.
HERNÁNDEZ R. 1995. Cultivo de la batata. Fundación de Desarrollo Agropecuario. República Dominicana. Sol de Invierno S.A. Bolteín Técnico No. 24. 42 p.
HUE M., BOYCE N., SOMASUNDRAM C. 2011. Comparative study on the Antioxidant activity of leaf extract and Carotenoids extract from Ipomoea batatas var. Oren (Sweet potato) leaves. Engineering Technology 4 p.
ISLAM J., HAQUE Z., MAJUNDER K., HAQUE M., HOSSAIN F. 2002. Growth and Yield Potential of Nine Selected Genotypes of Sweet potato. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 5(5):537-538.
JARRET R. 1991. Cultivo de tejidos de camote, pp. 421-446 In: W. Roca y L Mroginski (eds.). Cultivo de Tejidos en la Agricultura: Fundamentos y Aplicaciones. CIAT, Cali, Colombia.
JACKSON M., BOHAC R. 2006. Improved Dry-Fleshed SweetpotatoGenotypes Resistant to Insect Pests. Plant Resistant 99(5):1877-1883.
JUSUF M., HILMAN Y., GINTING E., SETIAWAN A. 2006. Selection of Sweetpotato Clones with High Anthocyanin Content in Indonesia. Acta Hort. 703:165-170.
JUSUF M., PETERS D. 2005. Adaptation and Yield Stability of Sweetpotato Clones for Human and Pig Food in Mountainous Areas of Jayawijaya, Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Root and tuber Crops 670:189-197.
KAPINGA R., NDUNGURU J., MULOKOZI G., TUMWEGAMIRE S. 2007. Impact of common sweetpotato viruses on total carotenoids and root yields of an orange-fleshed sweetpotato in Tanzania. Scientia Horticulturae 122:1-5.
LAURIE S. 2010. Agronomic performance, consumer acceptability and nutrient content of new sweet potato varieties in South Africa. PhD thesis. University of the Free State. 247 p.
LAURIE S., MAGORO M. 2008. Evaluation and release of new sweet potato varieties through farmer participatory selection. African Journal of Agricultural Research 3(10):672-676.
LAWSON V., HANNAN J. 2010. Sweet Potato Cultivar Trial. Midwest Vegetable Trial Report. 2 p.
LEKSRISOMPONG P., WHITSON M., TROUNG V., DRAKE M. 2012. Sensory attributes and consumer acceptance of sweet potato cultivars whit varying fresh colors. Journal of Sensory Studies 27:59-69.
MANRIQUE K., HERMANN M. 2002. Comparative study to determine stable performance in sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) regional trials. Acta Horticulturae 583:87–94.
MARZOUK M., EL-BELTAGY S., ABOU-HUSSEIN D., EL-BEDEWY R., EL-ABD O. 2011. Performance of Selected Sweet Potato Germplasms under Egyptian Conditions. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 5(10):18-21.
MATIMATI I., HUNGWE E., MURUNGU S. 2005. Vegetative Growth and Tuber Yields of Micropropagated and Farm-retained Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Cultivars. Journal of Agronomy 4(3):156-160.
McHARO M., NDOLO P. 2013. Root-yield performance of pre-release sweet potato genotypes in Kenya. Journal of Applied Biosciences 65:4914-4921.
MIYASAKA S., ARAKAKI A. 2010. A Sweetpotato Variety Trial on Hawai‘i: Preliminary Results. University of Hawaii. CTAHR. 4 p.
MUKHTAR A., TANIMU B., ARUNAH L., BABAJI A. 2010. Evaluation of the Agronomic Characters of Sweet Potato Varieties Grown at Varying Levels of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer. World Journal of Agricultural Science 6(4):370-373.
MUTANDWA E. 2008. Performance of Tissue-cultured Sweet Potatoes Among Smallholder Farmers in Zimbawe. AgBioForum 11(1):48-57.
MWANGA M., ODONGO B., P ́OBWOYA O., GIBSON W., SMIT M., CAREY E. 2001. Release of Five Sweetpotato Cultivars in Uganda. HortScience 36(2):385-386.
NJITI N., XIA Q., TYLER S., STEWART D., TENNER T., ZHANG C., ALIPOE D., CHUKWUAMA F. GAO M. 2013. Influence of Prohexadione Calcium on Sweet potato growth a storage root yield. HortScience 48(1):73-73.
NJOKU J. 2006. Multilocational Evaluation of New Sweetpotato Genotypes. NRCRI, Annual Report 124-157.
OKPUL T., MALTBY J., GUAF E., COLEMAN A., DENNIEN S., HARDING M., DIETERS J., GODWIN D. 2011. Cultivar-specific effects of pathogen testing on storage root yield of sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas. Annals of Applied Biology 158:288-296.
OSIRU M., OLANYA M., ADIPALA E., KAPINGA R., LEMAGA B. 2009. Yield stability analysis of Ipomoea batatas L., cultivars in diverse enviroments. Australian Journal of Crop Science 3(4):213-220.
PETERS D., THITINH N., THACH P. 2002. Sweet potato Root Silage for Efficient and Labor-saving Pig Raising in Vietnam. AGGRIPA. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome, Italy. http://www.fao.org/docrep/article/agrippa/554_en.htm
PHILLIPS S., WARREN J., MULLINS, G. 2005. Nitrogen Rate and Aplication Timing Affect “Beauregard” Sweet potato Yield and Quality. HortScience 40(1):214-217.
R CORE TEAM 2013. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. (version 3.0.1 “GOOD SPORT”). R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
RUMBAOA R., CORNAGO D., GERONIMO I. 2009. Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Philippine sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) varieties. Food Chemistry 113:1133-1138.
SEPSA (SECRETARÍA EJECUTIVA DE PLANIFICACIÓN SECTORIAL AGROPECUARIA). 2012. Boletín estadístico agropecuario. Serie cronológica 2008- 2011. San José. Costa Rica. 208 p.
SIERRA E., CRUZ J., CASACA D. 2005. Guías Tecnológicas de frutas y vegetales: El Cultivo del Camote (Ipomoeae batatas). Ed. Promosta, Dicta. No. 6. 13 p.
TEOW C., TRUONG D., MCFEETERS R., THOMPSON R., PECOTA V., YENCHO C. 2007. Antioxidant activities, phenolic and β-carotene contents of sweet potato genotypes with varying flesh colours. Food Chemistry 103:829-838.
THOMPSON G., SMITTLE A., HALL R. 1992. Relationship of sweet potato yield and quality to amount of irrigation. HortScience 27(1):23-26.
TOMLINS K., RWIZA E., NYANGO M., AMOUR R., NEGENDELLO T., KAPINGA R., REES D. 2000. The use sensory evaluation and consumer acceptability for the selection of sweet potato cultivars in East Africa. DFID. Harvest Research Programme. Tanzania. 15 p.
TRUONG D., HU Z., THOMPSON L., YENCHO C., PECOTA V. 2012. Pressurized liquid extraction and quantification of anthocyanins in purple-fleshed sweet potato genotypes. Journal of food composition and Analysis 26:96-103.
VALVERDE R., MOREIRA M. 2004. Identificación de virus en el cultivo de camote (Ipomoea batatas L.) en Costa Rica. Agronomía mesoamericana 15(1):01-07.
VIMALA B., SREEKANTH A., BINU H., WOLFGANG G. 2011.Variability in 42 Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Hybrids for Tuber Yield and Carotene y Dry matter Content. 40:190-200.
YENCHO C., PECOTA V., SCHULTHEIS R., van ESBROECK P. HOLMES J., LITTLE E., THORTON A., TRUONG D. 2008. HortScience 43(6):1911-1914.
YENG B., AGYARKO K., DAPAAH K., ADOMAKO J., ASARE E. 2012. Growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) as influenced by integrated application of chicken manure and inorganic fertilizer. African Journal of Agricultural Research 7(39):5387-5395.
YILDIRIM Z., TOKUSOGLU O., OZTURK G. 2011. Determination of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes suitable to the Aegean region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Field Crops 16(1):48-53.